International Finance

NC tend to experience greater agency problems than domestic firms because managers of foreign subsidiaries might be tempted to focus on making decisions to serve their subsidiaries rather than serving the overall NC. Proper Incentives and communication from the parent may help to ensure that subsidiary mangers focus on serving the overall NC. B. Why might agency costs be larger for an NC than for a purely domestic firm? . International business is the most common method firms conduct business. Mans incur large agency costs in monitoring managers of assistant foreign subsidiaries. Second, foreign subsidiary managers raised in different cultures may not follow uniform goals. Third, the sheer size of the Mans would also create large agency problems. 2. Comparative Advantage a. Explain how the theory of comparative advantage relates to the need for international business. L.

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It suggests that each country should use it’s comparative advantage to specialize In Its production and rely on other countries to meet other needs. Therefore all countries would need to trade with each other competitively for the products that they are not able to produce. B. Explain how the product cycle theory relates to the growth of an NC. L. The product cycle suggests that after firms are established in their home countries, they commonly expand their product specialization in foreign countries, leading to the growth of the NC. . Imperfect Markets a. Explain how the existence of imperfect markets has led to the establishment of subsidiaries in foreign markets. I. Establishment of subsidiaries in foreign markets was due to the cost of transferring labor and other resources used for production and the cost of production in foreign factories being significantly less than local stories. B. If perfect markets existed, would wages, prices, and interest rates among countries be more similar or less similar than under conditions of imperfect markets? Why? L.

If markets were perfect, the resources of any country could be transferred over to where a company needs them without transaction costs. Transaction costs and taxes involved in business transactions cause “frictions” and sometimes cause a firm to establish subsidiaries, without it they would be “perfect”. 6. Impact of Exchange Rate Movements a. Play Co. Of Chicago has several European subsidiaries that remit earnings to it ACH year. Explain how appreciation of the Euro (the currency used in many European countries) would affect Play;s valuation. Plans valuation should increase because the appreciation of the Euro will increase the dollar value of the cash flows remitted by the European subsidiaries. 7. Benefits and Risks of International Business a. Ass an overall review of this chapter, Identify possible reasons for growth In International business. Then, list the various disadvantages that may discourage International business. ;Growth in international business can be stimulated by access to foreign avenues. International business it also subject to risks of exchange rate fluctuations and political risks. . Valuation of an NC a. Hudson Co. , a U. S. Firm, has a subsidiary in Mexico, where political risk has recently increased. Hudson best guess of its future peso cash flows to be received has not changed. However its valuation has declined as a result of its increase in political risk. Explain. -The valuation of the NC is the present value of expected cash flows. The increase in risk results in a higher expected return, which reduces the present value of the expected future cash flows.

International Finance

This course Introduces students to various International financial markets and Instruments, and examines their Implications for the financial management of firms and Investors. We first examine the foreign exchange market and the different exchange rate systems that different countries adopt, paying special attention to currency board system. Although we study various approaches of exchange rate determination, we emphasize that exchange rate movements are difficult to forecast.

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This difficulty motivates our in-depth coverage of foreign exchange risk management. Next, we go beyond the foreign exchange market and study the international debt and equity markets – both from a company’s and an investors perspective. For companies, the debt and equity markets are channels through which new capital can be raised. For investors, these are markets they can make use of to generate investment returns. Learning Outcomes: On completion of this subject, students will be able to: 1 . Understand the structure and characteristics of various international financial markets and instruments; 2. Deterrents how different exchange rate systems function and how they affect an economy’s business environment; 3. Identify the sources of risks in international transactions and understand how these risks can be managed; 4. Identify and analyze the international dimensions of the debt and equity markets, and understand their implications for a company’s financing decisions and Investment policies. Subject Assessment Continuous Assessment 45% Final Examination 55% Total 100% *There will be bonus points of up to 5% awarded to those students who actively participate In class discussions. By programming 2010/2011 semester Two

Time & venue: -rue IN 16 This course introduces students to various international financial markets and instruments, and examines their implications for the financial management of firms and investors. We first examine the foreign exchange market and the different and equity markets – both from a company’s and an investor’s perspective. For 1 . Understand the structure and characteristics of various international financial 2. Understand how different exchange rate systems function and how they affect an and understand their implications for a company’s financing decisions and investment policies. Participate in class discussions.