It incorporates a broad range of activities, including product modification, changes to the production process, packaging changes, as well as modifying advertising Legal Environment Legal Factors affecting all Companies General legal framework: contract, – Basic ways of doing business, negligence proceedings Criminal Law – Theft, Insider trading, bribery, money laundering Company Law – Directors and their duties, insolvency, shareholder’s rights Employment Law – Trade Union recognition, minimum wage, unfair dismissal Health & Safety – Safety procedures, fire precautions
Data Protection – Copyright laws Marketing & Sales – Consumer laws, integrity in advertising Environment – Pollution control, waste disposal Tax law – Corporation Tax, VAT, PAYEE Competitive Regulations – Is the industry open or regulated? Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Approaches to Organizations The Classical Approach. The classical school of organization theorists comprises of those with the view that there is a single set of principles of organization which once discovered, would be the key to the best way of structuring all types of organization. Such principles would
Tort a selecting Oasis to management wanly all aspiring managers can learn Ana practice. This approach is referred to as the pursuit of the “Holy Grail” of organizational structure. Approaches to organizations The Classical Approach Henry Payola – Principles of Management: Division of Labor Coordination Span of Control Economies of Scale Objectives Authority Responsibility Specialization Definition of Tasks Unity of Effort Unity of Command Lynda Rick – 10 Principles of Organization: Job definition Correspondence Balance Continuity Scientific Management
Frederick Winslow Taylor was known as the ‘Father of Scientific Management’ He came up with the view that men were machines and formulated four goals for management: To hire workers scientifically Create co-operation between labor and management Train and educate workers Create a science for management He believed in a ‘pay for performance system’ but with his theory, he stifled the use of creativity.
His conclusions were: Increased productivity Profitability Efficiency Approaches to Organization Management Science Theory – Based on the ideas of scientific theory, it uses a alliterative approach to plan how the task and materials needed as well as people, who carry out the task can all be used to a maximum effect. Ones & George, 2007,up 68-AY) cradles Tour Trances AT management silence: Quantitative management- used to identify resources needed.
Operations management- techniques used to analyze performance and ways of increasing efficiency. TTS- used to analyze inputs, processes & outputs to find ways of improving quality & efficiency MIS- used to supply or analyze info Is Management Still a Science? Http://hub. Org/1992/11 /is-management-still-a-science/ar/l David H. Freedman Harvard Business Review – As every manager knows, new technologies are transforming products, markets, business processes, and entire industries, transforming the business environment.
In the face of this more dynamic and volatile business world, the traditional mechanisms of “scientific management” seem not only less useful but positively counterproductive. And science itself appears less and less relevant to the practical concerns of managers. Approaches to Organizations Bureaucracy Structuralism Systems Approaches Organizational Structures Functional Divisional Product Based
