Understand child and young person development Task 1. 1 Physical Development 0-3 Years Babies are able to support their bodies by lying on their back. This shows that the back Is strong enough to support their weight. Their head can turn to one side, which shows that their neck muscles have developed, and are in the first stages of developing physical mobility. Babies show reflexes e. G. Sucking. When a baby is born, they adapt to their surroundings and have the natural instincts to suckle, grasp and kick.
If an object is placed in a baby’s hand, they will touch and attempt to grasp the object. This shows that they have acknowledged the object and their sense of touch is developing. After reaching the age of 12 months, a child can roll and crawl. This Is due to the physical development of the hands, knees and elbows. They have also gained enough strength to support their body weight using these three limbs. The hand muscles develop and children are able to hold small objects for long periods of time, compared to previously, when they could only grasp the object.
Children can independently dress and feed themselves. They grow accustomed to wearing their own items of clothing. Toddlers also gain strength to use their hands and place food Into their mouths independently. They can also recognize the need to use the bathroom. Toddlers grow confident In walking and running Independently. Their feet and leg muscles are fully developed to support their running and walking. 3-7 Years At three years of age, children are able to use fine motor skills and can hold pencils, en’s and crayons.
They start controlling pencils and moving them using hand muscles. Children start gaining more control over their fine motor skills e. G. They start using pencils to write their names and basic sentences. Children show confidence In carrying out activities e. G. If a child is told to put their toys away, they will complete the task Independently. Children’s movement becomes more co-ordinate because they are more confident in their body movement. With their body movement.
Baby teeth start falling out because the child is in need of stronger teeth due to their varied diet. 7-12 Years Gross motor skills become more proficient in large movements such as running and jumping. Children are able to ride a bike and swim if taught correctly. This shows the development of the different muscles and bones needed to perform these activities. Handwriting improves due to increased fine motor skills competence. This shows the hand muscles becoming stronger and more controlled e. G. Sewing, weaving, painting and drawing are also neater. -16 Years Children can dress and undress using complex garments e. G. Girls can wear a bra independently. Both sexes can also learn to wear a tie. Teenagers can confidently ride a bicycle or go swimming. This shows the fully developed muscles that are needed for these activities. Teenagers start showing signs of puberty. Boys grow taller, develop bodily hair and their voice deepens. Girls develop a feminine figure and start menstruating. Teenagers interact with each other co-operatively. They develop social skills and are more opinionated.
